Abeddel adigan

Abeddel adigan n tmɣawt tamecṭuḥt deg Murakuc: seg wani ara tebduḍ, asurif s usurif

Sɣur Codevista InnovationsYeffeɣ-d ass n 12 Kṭuber 20269 n tesdatin n tɣuri

Tamɣawt tamecṭuḥt neɣ talemmast deg Murakuc (PME) i yebɣan abeddel adigan ilaq ad tebdu s yibriden-ns n uxeddim, mačči s usɣa n useɣẓan: ad tesseklu amek iteddu uxeddim, ad taf anida yeḥbes, sakin ad tessenker sin neɣ kraḍ n yisenfaren iwezlanen yettwasikden. Afran gar useɣẓan n usuq (standard) d usnulfu s telqayt (sur mesure) yettas-d deffir, akked usnegget n yisefka d, ugar n wakk, tasmuɣli n tirbaɛin. Ad nesked s kra n yimataren, ad ngezzem, ad nales.

Seg wani ara yebdu ubeddel adigan n PME deg Murakuc?

Tagnit tanamurt tettɣimi deg ubrid-a: tamurt terra annumerik d tazwart s tsertit Maroc Digital 2030. Maca i tmɣawt tamecṭuḥt, asteqsi yelhan mačči d « acu n useɣẓan ara naɣ? ». D « anwa axeddim i aɣ-yessexsaren akud, idrimen neɣ imsaɣen? ».

Abeddel adigan n tmɣawt i yewwḍen ɣer yiswi-ns qell ma yeḍfer aɣawas ameqran. Yeḍfer tazzya tawezlant, yettuɣalen asenfar deffir wayeḍ:

1. Sekles takarḍa n yibriden n uxeddim igejdanen d yiḥbas-nsen.
2. Fren sin neɣ kraḍ n quick wins.
3. Gzem, i yal yiwen, gar wallal n usuq d usnulfu s telqayt.
4. Snegget isefka.
5. Semmi amsul, tesmuɣleḍ imdanen yeɛnan.
6. Sikel s kra n yimataren, sakin ales.

Lfayda n tezzya-ya d akken ad d-tefk agmuḍ amezwaru ibanen deg kra n yimalasen, mačči deg kra n yiseggasen, d akken ad tesseḍfer ayen d-iteddun s wayen yettwalemden. Aɣawas yettwaseṭfen ɣef aṭas n yiseggasen, deg tama nniḍen, yettɛeyyu ddeqs n tikkal uqbel ad ibeddel kra deg wass n yal ass n tirbaɛin.

Asurif 1: sekles takarḍa n yibriden n uxeddim d yiḥbas

I yal tanemlit tameqqrant (aznuzu, isɣaren, afares, tifaturin, RH), ssemlil imdanen i ixeddmen axeddim s tidett, mačči imsefrak-nsen kan. Ssuter seg-sen ad d-glmen abrid n usuter n umsaɣ neɣ n tfaturt n umnuzu, seg tazwara alamma d tagara: anwa yettarun acu, deg wanwa afaylu, anwa yessentamen, anida tettraǧu telɣut, anida tettruḥ.

Aru i yal asurif kraḍ n tɣawsiwin: amḍan n tikkal, akud yettwaxsen d tuccḍiwin neɣ aɛeṭṭel yettwannayen. Tafelwit yettwabḍan tekfa; aseɣẓan n usemsel (modélisation) ad yili zik aṭas deg tseddart-a.

Iḥbas ara tnadiḍ s tazwara

• Tira tikkal snat gar tfelwit n umḍan (tableur), aseɣẓan n tmḥasabt d yimeslayen n WhatsApp neɣ n yimayl.
• Isentmen yettwaḥebsen alamma d-tas tezmilt ɣef lkaɣeḍ neɣ tiririt n umsefrak.
• Talɣut ɣef yimsaɣen tebḍa ɣef aṭas n yifuyla ur yessnegget yiwen.
• Asmekti (devis, tifaturin ur yettwaxelṣen, ifuyla ur nemmid) yettwaxdam s tmekti kan.
• Tifelwin n usenqed (tableaux de bord) yettwasnulfun s ufus yal tagara n wayyur.

Tawuri-ya tesɛa agmuḍ wis sin yesɛan azal: tirbaɛin i d-yeglmen iḥbas-nsent s timmad-nsent ttqebbalent s waṭas ugar allal ara ten-yekksen.

Asurif 2: fren 2 neɣ 3 n quick wins i ubeddel adigan n tmɣawt-ik

Gar yiḥbas yettwarun, ṭṭef wid yesɛan kuẓ n tewtilin: ttuɣalen ddeqs, qqersen i tirbaɛin neɣ i yimsaɣen, ḥedden ɣef yiwen n wemkan amecṭuḥ, ttwasikden uqbel d deffir. D wigi i d quick wins-ik, neɣ arbaḥ s tazzla.

Imedyaten yettwassnen: tafeṛṛadt s internet deg wemkan n tsutar n devis s tilifun, abrid n usentem n yisɣaren n tikli (notes de frais), aḍfar yettwasduklen n yicetkiyen n yimsaɣen, tuzna s yiman-s n usmekti n tfaturin. Kra deg-sen zemren ad sseqdacen TI (tiririt tamezwarut ɣef tsutar, agzul n yisemliyen); amagrad-nneɣ ɣef TI tasnulfant deg tmɣawin B2B deg Murakuc ad k-iɛawen ad tessemgerdeḍ aseqdec yenfeɛn d wawal kan.

Ayɣer mačči ugar? Acku yal asenfar yesseqdac imdanen igejdanen yemmugen, d tarbaɛt ur tezmir ad teqbel ala amḍan yettwaḥedden n yibeddilen deg yiwen n wakud. Sin neɣ kraḍ n yisenfaren yettwaxedmen akken iwata ttaken daɣen i tnemhalt igmuḍen n tidett akken ad tgezzem ɣef wayen d-iteddun.

Asurif 3: aseɣẓan n usuq neɣ asnulfu s telqayt?

I yal quick win, ilaq ad tefreḍ allal n usuq (SaaS, ERP, CRM) neɣ ad tessnulfuḍ tifrat tamaynut? Semmus n tewtilin ad k-ɛawnent ad tgezmeḍ.

• Abrid n uxeddim d amatu neɣ yessemgarad-ik? Tamḥasabt, tifadin (paie) neɣ amsawal s yimayl d ibriden n uxeddim imezdayen: allal n usuq yekfa, ma yessen ilugan n Murakuc. Abrid n uxeddim i k-yessemgaraden ɣef yimnafsen yesɛa azal ddeqs n tikkal n usnulfu s telqayt.
• Allal yeṭṭef tilisa-ik tidiganin? Tutlayin (tafransist, taɛrabt s tira seg uyeffus ɣer uzelmaḍ), isekkilen d yimasalen n yisemliyen, axelleṣ s internet s CMI (anagraw n uxelleṣ s tkarḍa deg Murakuc), ilugan n Murakuc n tbezrat d tnmettit (fiscal d social).
• Tebɣiḍ s tazwara ad tqqneḍ inagrawen yellan? Ma yella uɣbel d asemsawal n yifecka yellan yakan, tuqqna s API tzmer ad tekfu, war ma tbeddleḍ kra.
• Anwa yeṭṭfen isefka d tangalt? Senqed tuɣalin (réversibilité): ad tizmireḍ ad tessufɣeḍ isefka-ik deg umasal ara tesseqdceḍ, d, i usnulfu, ad tesɛuḍ tangalt taɣbalut (code source).
• Acḥal i d tasqamt tamatut ɣef wakud? Smenni abonnements, tisirag (licences) i yal amseqdac, aswel (paramétrage), tasmuɣli d uḥraz (maintenance), mačči ssuma n tebdit kan.

Deg sin-a, aru s tazwara asuter. Amnir-nneɣ i tira n udlis n tiwtilin n useɣẓan (cahier des charges) yefka-d tamudemt i yelhan ad tserwseḍ imaẓragen (éditeurs) am wakken ad tessutreḍ agence n usnulfu.

Asurif 4: snegget isefka uqbel asewwur s yiman-s

Allal adigan yesseɣzal ayen as-tefkiḍ. Ma yella ufaylu n yimsaɣen yesɛa imsiwen (doublons) d wuṭṭunen ur nṣeḥḥa, CRM amaynut ad yewret amdeggi-nni, tirbaɛin ad inint dakken allal ur yeddi ara.

• Sbadu aɣbalu n tidet (source de référence) i yal anaw n yisefka (imsaɣen, tiɣawsiwin n uznuzu, imnuzuyen, imxeddamen).
• Seṣfu uqbel asmutti: imsiwen, iḥricen ilmawen, imasalen n yizemzen d wuṭṭunen n tilifun.
• Semmi amsul n tɣara n yal asmel n yisefka (référentiel).
• Sbadu anwa izemren ad yeɣer, ad ibeddel neɣ ad yessufeɣ acu.

Isefka udmawen n yimsaɣen neɣ n yimxeddamen ddaw loi 09-08 (asaḍuf ɣef usegdel n yisefka udmawen), s usenqed n CNDP. Uqbel ad tezmleḍ, steqsi yal amaẓrag neɣ amsenzi (prestataire) ɣef tmezgunt (hébergement) n yisefka, asefrek n wanekcum d tmasiwin-ns n tɣellist; amagrad-nneɣ ɣef tɣellist n yisefka ɣur umsenzi d ISO 27001 yessegla-d isteqsiyen ilaqen.

Asurif 5: smuɣel tirbaɛin, acku abeddel d amdan uqbel kullu

Asenfar n ubeddel adigan yettḥbas ddeqs n tikkal ɣef useqdec ugar n tteknik. Tirbaɛin ttḥaḍant afaylu aqdim acku ur asent-yessken ḥedd allal amaynut, neɣ acku abrid amaynut yerna-d isurifen war ma ssfehmen-asent ayɣer.

Kraḍ n tɣawsiwin i yessemgaraden. Tamezwarut, amsul i yal asenfar, seg tnemlit, ad yegzem, ad yessiwel asenfar yal ass. Tis snat, tasmuɣli s tirmit ɣef tegnatin n tidett n tmɣawt, mi yebda useqdec n wallal, mačči kraḍ n wayyuren uqbel. Tis kraḍt, inemhalen izemren ad nbaḍen s tuzzyiwin: ad slen i tiririt n wakal, ad sseɣṭen, ad kksen abrid aqdim mi yerkez umaynut.

Tikti-ya taneggarut tɛenna daɣen tinemliyin beṛṛa n IT: RH, marketing, tallalt (support). Tasmuɣli Leadership Agile tettwaheyya s tidett i yinemhalen d tnemliyin ur nelli d titiknikiyin, d umagrad ɣef tuzrigt beṛṛa n IT yessken amek ttwasseqdacent tmasiwin-a beṛṛa n tirbaɛin n usnulfu. Ɣef uflubeddi, timɣawin n Murakuc zemrent ad sseqdcent Contrats Spéciaux de Formation (CSF, tiɣemsiwin tusligin n tesmuɣli) n OFPPT, tamsuddest tamurant n tesmuɣli tamahlant: amagrad-nneɣ ɣef uflubeddi s CSF yessfehm-d amek iteddu.

Asurif 6: sikel s kra n yimataren, tessenqdeḍ abudjit

Kra n yimataren qedran

I yal asenfar, fren sin neɣ kraḍ n yimataren yeqqnen ɣer uḥbas yettwafsin, yettwaseklasen uqbel tebdit sakin s yal akud yettwasbadun: akud n tririt ɣef usuter, amḍan n tuccḍiwin neɣ n tuɣalin ɣef uxeddim, amur n yimseqdacen yeɛnan i yesseqdacen allal s tidett, tafuyt (satisfaction) n yimseqdacen n daxel. Ma ur yembiwel walu, sseɣṭ uqbel ad teldiḍ asenfar amaynut.

Abudjit s yisurifen, mačči s yiwet n tikkelt

Ssali idrimen n yal asenfar weḥd-s, s yiswi yettwasikden d tegnit n tagzemt deg tagara: ad tkemmleḍ, ad tesseɣṭeḍ neɣ ad tḥebseḍ. Tamuɣli-ya tessenqas idrimen yettwasersen ɣef tikti ur nettwasenqed, tessḥettim ad tserwseḍ tasqamt n usenfar d wayen d-yettarra s tidett.

Rnu daɣen tisqamin ur d-sskanen ara yidevis: akud n tirbaɛin n daxel yettwasseqdacen, tasmuɣli, asmutti n yisefka, tuqqna akked yifecka yellan, aḥraz (maintenance) d abonnements yettuɣalen. Allal arxis i yesḥettamen kra n yimalasen n tira tikkal snat ur yelli d arxis.

Tuccḍiwin ara tesbeɛdeḍ deg ubeddel adigan n PME

• Aɣ n useɣẓan uqbel ad tesbaduḍ abrid n uxeddim i ilaq ad yeqdec: allal ad yesseḥbes i lebda abrid ur nettwaheyya mliḥ, neɣ ad yessekcem win-ns war ma tefriḍ-t.
• Asenker n usenfar war amsul yettwasemman seg tnemlit: ur yettgezzim ḥedd, tigzamin ttalint ɣer tnemhalt, asenfar yettɛeṭṭil.
• Asemḥel n tesmuɣli d tallelt deg ubeddel: allal yettwasers, maca afaylu aqdim yeqqim d aɣbalu n tidet.
• Asmutti n yisefka ur nettwaseṣfa, sakin tuttra n wallal amaynut ɣef tuccḍiwin-nsen.
• Alday n waṭas n yisenfaren deg yiwen n wakud, alamma ur yewwiḍ ḥedd deg-sen ɣer tagara.

Seg Dar Lbiḍa, Codevista Innovations tettḍfar timɣawin n Murakuc seg usesteb atiknik d tneɣmiwt tadigant (stratégie digitale) alamma d asnulfu s telqayt d tesmuɣli n tirbaɛin. Akken ad tesbaduḍ isenfaren-ik imezwura, ssiwel i terbaɛt-nneɣ.

Isteqsiyen yettuɣalen

Seg wani ara yebdu ubeddel adigan n tmɣawt tamecṭuḥt deg Murakuc?

Bdu s tkarḍa n yibriden-ik n uxeddim igejdanen akked yimdanen i ten-ixeddmen: aznuzu, tifaturin, isɣaren, RH. Aru i yal asurif akud yettwaxsen, amḍan n tikkal d tuccḍiwin. Sakin fren sin neɣ kraḍ n yiḥbas yettuɣalen ddeqs, yettwasikden, tfakkeḍ-ten yiwen s yiwen. Asɣa n useɣẓan yettas-d deffir tasledt-a, werǧin uqbel, neɣ ad yesseḥbes wallal i lebda abrid n uxeddim ur nettwaheyya mliḥ.

Aseɣẓan n usuq neɣ asnulfu s telqayt i PME?

Aseɣẓan n usuq yekfa i yibriden n uxeddim imezdayen i tmɣawin akk, am tmḥasabt, tifadin neɣ amsawal s yimayl, ma yessen ilugan n Murakuc. Asnulfu s telqayt yesɛa azal mi k-yessemgarad ubrid n uxeddim ɣef yimnafsen, mi ur yella ula d yiwen n wallal yeṭṭfen tilisa-ik tidiganin (taɛrabt, axelleṣ s internet s CMI, imasalen n yisemliyen) neɣ mi ilaq ad tqqneḍ aṭas n yinagrawen yellan. Serwes yal tikkelt tasqamt tamatut ɣef wakud d tuɣalin n yisefka.

Amek ara teqbelent tirbaɛin allal adigan amaynut?

Semmi amsul n tnemlit i yal asenfar, sekcem imseqdacen seg tkarḍa n yibriden n uxeddim, smuɣel-ten ɣef tegnatin-nsen mi yebda useqdec. Kkes abrid aqdim mi yerkez umaynut. Sakin sikel aseqdec n tidett n wallal, jmeɛ tiririyin n wakal akken ad tesseɣṭeḍ s tazzla ayen yeḥbesen.

Anwi imataren ara tḍefreḍ i usekyel n ubeddel adigan n tmɣawt?

Ḥrez-d drus, qqen-ten ɣer uḥbas yettwafsin: akud n tririt ɣef usuter neɣ ɣef tfaturt, amḍan n tuccḍiwin neɣ n tuɣalin ɣef uxeddim, amur n yimseqdacen i yesseqdacen allal s tidett, tafuyt n yimseqdacen n daxel neɣ n yimsaɣen. Sekles-ten uqbel tebdit akken ad tesɛuḍ aɣbalu n userwes, sakin s yal akud yettwasbadun. Ttɛawanen ad tgezmeḍ ad tkemmleḍ, ad tesseɣṭeḍ neɣ ad tḥebseḍ asenfar.

Amek ara tesbaduḍ abudjit n ubeddel adigan n PME?

Deg wemkan n ubudjit amatu yettwasbadun zik, ssali idrimen asenfar s usenfar, yal yiwen s yiswi yettwasikden d tegnit n tagzemt. Ḥseb tasqamt tamatut, mačči ssuma n useɣẓan kan: akud n tirbaɛin n daxel, tasmuɣli, asmutti n yisefka, tuqqna, aḥraz d abonnements. I umur n tesmuɣli, steqsi OFPPT ɣef Contrats Spéciaux de Formation.