Tuzrigt

Scrum neɣ Kanban: anta tarrayt tazrigant ara tferneḍ i terbaɛt-nnek?

Sɣur Codevista InnovationsYeffeɣ-d ass n 12 Kṭuber 2026Yettwaleqqem ass n 15 Kṭuber 20268 n tesdatin n tɣuri

Scrum yessuddus axeddim s yisprinten n yiwen n wayyur neɣ drus, s kraḍ n tiwuriwin (Product Owner, Scrum Master, Developers) d yineḍruyen yettwaseṭfen; Kanban yessefrak asuddem amezgi war tiwuriwin yettwaḥettmen, s talast i uxeddim iteddun. Fren Scrum mi ara tebnu terbaɛt afaris, tezmer ad teḥrez iswi kra n yimalasen; fren Kanban mi ara d-awḍent tisutar war asmekti (tallalt, aseggem, asemres). Scrumban yessedukkul sin-nni.

D acu i d amgired gar Scrum d Kanban?

Snat n tarrayin bḍant isental n tuzrigt: ad yettwassken uxeddim, ad yettwafk s yiḥricen imeẓyanen, ad yennerni s tidettiwin. Mgaradent deg tektayt n usuddes. Scrum d tasga yettwaglemen deg Scrum Guide: tiwuriwin, ineḍruyen d yifecka (artefacts) yettwasbadun. Kanban d tarrayt n usefrek n usuddem: nessken abrid n uxeddim n tura, nessbadu talast i uxeddim iteddun, sakin nesnerni-t tikli s tikli.

• Tiddit (cadence): isprinten n wakud yettwaseṭfen (yiwen n wayyur neɣ drus) mgal asuddem amezgi war tuzzya yettwaḥettmen.
• Tiwuriwin: Product Owner, Scrum Master d Developers mgal ulac tawuri tamaynut yettwaḥettmen.
• Ineḍruyen: Sprint, s daxel-is Sprint Planning, Daily Scrum, Sprint Review d Sprint Retrospective, mgal tilugiwin (rituels) i tettafren terbaɛt s yiman-ns.
• Talast n uxeddim: ayen yekcemen ɣer usprint mgal tilisa n WIP i yal tseddart n usuddem.
• Asekyed: awwaḍ ɣer yiswi n usprint (vélocité d tannumi kan yettwassnen) mgal lead time, débit d leɛmer n twuriwin.
• Ibeddilen: iswi n usprint yettwaḥerzen, agraw n uxeddim yezmer ad yettwamsawal akked Product Owner, mgal tizwari tamaynut tettwaqbal mi ara d-yili umḍiq ilelli.

Isprinten neɣ asuddem amezgi: tiddit, tiwuriwin d yineḍruyen

Ayen yettḥettim Scrum Guide

Asprint d asenduq (conteneur) i yineḍruyen-nniḍen akk. Akud-ns yettwaseṭfen, ur yettɛeddi ara yiwen n wayyur; aṭas n tirbaɛin n useɣẓan ttafrent isprinten iwezlanen ugar. Sprint Planning yessbadu iswi n usprint d uxeddim i t-yettɛawanen. Daily Scrum, ur yettɛeddi ara 15 n tesdatin, yettaǧǧa Developers ad sneqden amek tteddun ɣer yiswi-a, ad sseɣṭen aɣawas-nsen. Sprint Review d tiɣimit n uxeddim akked wid yeɛnan (parties prenantes) ɣef ugmuḍ yewwḍen d wayen d-iteddun, mačči d asken kan. Sprint Retrospective tettmeslay ɣef tewtilt n uxeddim.

Product Owner d bab n tmasit ad yessali azal n ufaris, ad yessefrek Product Backlog, ula d amyizwer n tizwariyin. Scrum Master d bab n tmasit n usbedd n Scrum d tenfa n Scrum Team. Developers, d wid akk yettbnun incrément (tarnawt n ufaris), ur yettɛelleq ara s tmussni-nsen, ttɛahaden ad d-fken deg yal asprint incrément yettwaseqdacen, i yettqadaṛen Definition of Done. Scrum Guide yenna-d belli Scrum Team s umata tesɛa mraw n yimdanen neɣ drus.

Ayen yettaǧǧa Kanban d ilelli

Kanban ur yettɛawad ara asuddes n terbaɛt. Nessaru tiseddarin n tidett n uxeddim (ad yettwasleḍ, iteddu, deg usenqed, yettwafk), nettaru ilugan n uɛeddi gar tgejdit d tayeḍ, sakin nettafren tilugiwin: amlili n yal ass zdat n tfelwit, asezyer n usuddem s uḍebbaḍ. Tilelli-a tettarra tabdit tettɣawal, maca tettuɣal d ugur ma yella ulac win yessuddun asnerni.

Tilisa n WIP, imataren d yibeddilen deg tlemmast n usprint

Talast n WIP (work in progress, axeddim iteddun) d ul n Kanban. Ma tečča tgejdit « deg usenqed », i yesɛan talast n kraḍ n tɣawsiwin, ur d-tekcim ara ɣer-s tayeḍ: deg wemkan ad tebdu tawuri tamaynut, tarbaɛt tettɛawan ad tekfu ayen yettraǧun. Ittenqqas uxeddim n waṭas n tɣawsiwin deg yiwet n tikkelt (multitâche), ttbanen yiḥbas (goulots). Alugan n Little (loi de Little) yessefham tamuɣli-a: deg usuddem yerkden, s yiwen n débit, ugar n uxeddim iteddun yettawi-d s ulemmas izmaz iɣezzfen ugar.

• Scrum: nettmuqul qbel kullec ma yewweḍ yiswi n usprint, ma yekfa incrément s tidett. Vélocité ur tt-yettḥettim ara Scrum Guide; d allal n usfeqqed (prévision) n daxel, mačči d asekyed n tenfa ara nemserwes gar tirbaɛin.
• Kanban: lead time (seg usuter ar tuzna), cycle time (seg tebdit ar tuzna), débit (amḍan n wayen yettwafken deg wakud) d leɛmer n twuriwin iteddun rran ɣef usteqsi n yal amsuter: « melmi ara yewjed? »

Ɣef yibeddilen, Scrum Guide d aban: ulac abeddel ara yesseɣlin iswi n usprint. Agraw n uxeddim yezmer ad yettwamsawal akked Product Owner, d netta kan i yezmren ad yekkes asprint ma yella yesruḥ anamek-ns. Deg Kanban, tizwari tettwagzam mi ara d-yili umḍiq ilelli: tadyant (incident) yuzzlen tɛedda war ma yerreẓ kra n uɛahed.

Scrum neɣ Kanban: anta tarrayt i anta tarbaɛt?

Afran yelhan ur yettɛelleq ara s teɣzi n temɣawt neɣ s uḥric-ns, maca s wanaw n tisutar i d-yettawḍen ɣer terbaɛt.

• Scrum yemmar i tirbaɛin yettbnun afaris s yiswi: tasmilt (plateforme) SaaS, asnas n tnemlit (application métier), tanfa tadigant tamaynut. Zemrent ad sseknent agmuḍ yettwaseqdacen deg taggara n yal asprint, ad sseɣṭent ayen d-iteddun.
• Kanban yemmar i uxeddim amezgi ur nettwassen zik: tallalt n yisnasen (support applicatif), aseggem (maintenance corrective), asemres (exploitation), asegdel n yifuyla, neɣ tisutar n daxel n terbaɛt n RH (tiɣbula tamdanin) neɣ n marketing.
• Scrumban yemmar mi yella Backlog yerkden maca tiɣawsiwin yuzzlen ttuɣalent aṭas.

Deg yiwet n tnemhalt n IT (DSI), deg Dar Lbiḍa am wanida-nniḍen, zemrent snat ad ddrent akk: tarbaɛt i yettɛawaden abeddel n tewwurt n imsaɣen (portail client) s Scrum, d tin yettḥarazen tafrayt (production) s Kanban. Mi ara ttaken aṭas n tirbaɛin Scrum yiwen n ufaris, asteqsi yettuɣal d win n tuzrigt s usekter s SAFe; i twuriwin beṛṛa n IT, ẓer tuzrigt beṛṛa n IT.

Scrumban: melmi ara tessedukleḍ Scrum d Kanban

Scrumban ur yesɛi ara asenfaṛ (référentiel) am Scrum Guide: d tannumi i yeṭṭfen kra seg usuddes n Scrum, yernu-yas asefrek n usuddem. Sin n yibriden n tebdit ttwassnen.

• Tarbaɛt Scrum i yettarnun Kanban teṭṭef isprinten, tiwuriwin d yineḍruyen, maca tettnebbaḍ Sprint Backlog-ns s tilisa n WIP, tettḍfar cycle time-ns.
• Tarbaɛt Kanban i yettarnun tiddit teṭṭef asuddem amezgi, maca tessbedd asezyer d retrospective s wakud yettwaseṭfen.

Scrumban yettexṣar mi ara yuɣal d sseba i tukksa n wayen ur iɛǧiben: ulac iswi, ulac talast yettwaqadaṛen, ulac retrospective. Ma yella tarbaɛt ur tessin ara ad tini anta ilugan i tettḍfar, ur yelli d Scrumban.

Tuccḍiwin yettuɣalen deg Scrum d Kanban

Anti-patterns n Scrum

• Product Owner n wudem kan, war tazmert n tidett ad yegzem tizwariyin.
• Scrum Master d amaray (secrétaire), yessuddus imlilen maca ur yekkes walu n yiḥbas.
• Asprint war iswi, d tabdart kan n twuriwin i tessuffuɣ seg ubrid yal tɣawsa yuzzlen.
• Vélocité am umatar n tenfa, i yessenkaren ad ttwasemɣaren tisemkatin (estimations).
• Retrospective war aḍfar, anda ttuɣalen yiwen n wuguren asprint deffir wayeḍ.

Anti-patterns n Kanban

• Tafelwit war tilisa: tebdiḍ kullec ayen d-yewwḍen; d tabdart kan s tgejdiyin.
• Tilisa yettwaɛeddayen yal amalas « tikkelt-a kan », ihi ulac-tent s tidett.
• Ilugan ur nettwarun ara: ḥedd ur yessin d acu i d « yekfa » neɣ anwa i yettafren asuter d-iteddun.
• Ulac asezyer n usuddem: tarbaɛt tettɛaddab s tfelwit-ns deg wemkan ad tt-tesnerni.

Tabdart n usenqed: amek ara tferneḍ gar Scrum d Kanban

1. Yezmer uxeddim ad yettwasdukel ɣef yiwen n yiswi yettwaṭṭfen ɣef yiwen n usprint (yiwen n wayyur neɣ drus) war aḥbas yal tikkelt? Ma ih, Scrum d afran yelhan.
2. Aṭas seg tisutar yuzzlen, ur ttwassnent zik? Fren Kanban, neɣ tazmert yettwaḥerzen (capacité réservée) deg Scrumban.
3. Yella umdan yezmren ad yegzem tizwariyin s tazmert n tidett? Scrum yesḥettem-it seg tazwara.
4. Tamɣawt theyya ad tbeddel tiwuriwin d yimlilen? Ma ulac, Kanban yettaǧǧa-k ad tebduḍ s ubrid n uxeddim n tura.
5. Imsutar-nnek bɣan qbel kullec ad ssinen melmi ara yewjed? Imataren n usuddem rran srid ɣef waya.
6. Aṭas n tirbaɛin xeddment ɣef yiwen n ufaris? Ad tesḥettmeḍ daɣen tasga n tuzrigt s usekter.

Kra yili ufran, ilaq ad yeṭṭef usiggez tarbaɛt akked wid yettsbadun tizwariyin-ns, s yiwet n tikkelt. Codevista Innovations tettak asiggez Scrum d usiggez Kanban, s tilawt deg yal amḍiq n Murakuc, s tewtilt tamsadit (hybride) neɣ s uɛeggeḍ; asdawi-nneɣ n tsileɣt i usellek CSF n OFPPT (Contrats Spéciaux de Formation n Office de la Formation Professionnelle et de la Promotion du Travail) mazal iteddu. Akken ad tferneḍ win yemmaren, neɣ ad tebnuḍ ahil s telqayt seg usesteb n tmusniwin, nermes-aɣ.

Isteqsiyen yettuɣalen

Nezmer ad nɛeddi seg Scrum ɣer Kanban deg tlemmast n usenfar?

Ih, yettili aṭas mi ara yɛeddi ufaris seg tebnit ɣer useggem (maintenance). Ḥrez tafelwit yellan, rnu tilisa n WIP d yilugan yettwarun, sakin ssifses isprinten mi ara yerked usuddem. Ḥrez retrospective s uḍebbaḍ: ddeqs n tikkal d tilugit tamezwarut i yettwaǧǧan, ma d nettat i yettaǧǧan ad yettwaseɣṭen ubeddel-a.

Kanban yemmar i terbaɛt ur nelli deg IT?

Ih. Kanban ur yessutur ara tangalt neɣ aseɣẓan: yeqqur kan axeddim i yettɛeddin s tseddarin yettwassnen. Tarbaɛt n RH i yessefraken asekcem n yimxeddamen, tanemlit n uɣuṛ (achats) neɣ tarbaɛt n marketing zemrent ad sseknent asuddem-nsent, ad sbadunt talast i uxeddim iteddun, ad ḍefrent izmaz-nsent. Ddeqs n tikkal d tawwurt ifessusen ugar ɣer tuzrigt i twuriwin beṛṛa n IT.

Ilaq Scrum Master deg terbaɛt Kanban neɣ Scrumban?

Kanban ur yettḥettim kra n tawuri, ihi ulac Scrum Master. S tidett, ilaq yiwen ad iḥader ad ttwaqadaṛent tilisa n WIP, ad yessuddu asezyer n usuddem, ad yeṭṭef tigawin n usnerni. Deg Scrumban, ma teṭṭef terbaɛt ineḍruyen n Scrum, yif ad yettwafk i yiwen n umdan tmasit n tenfa-nsen.

Anwa asiggez ara nefren gar Scrum d Kanban?

Win yemmaren i uxeddim n tidett n terbaɛt. Asiggez Scrum yenfeɛ Product Owner, Scrum Master neɣ Developers n terbaɛt n ufaris. Asiggez Kanban yenfeɛ ugar inemhalen n tallalt (support), n usemres neɣ n tenfiwin n daxel. Deg tamɣawt yemxallafen, asiggez n yimsefraken deg snat yessenḥad ad yuɣal ufran n tarrayt d amennuɣ gar yigrawen.