Tussna tafrawant

Agents IA deg tmɣawt: agent neɣ chatbot, tibadutin ara tesswurmeḍ d yilugan n ugdal

Sɣur Codevista InnovationsYeffeɣ-d ass n 12 Kṭuber 20268 n tesdatin n tɣuri

Agent IA d amudil n tutlayt (LLM) ay ttunefken ifecka — ad yeɣṛ tanaka n yimaylen, ad yesteqsi ERP, ad yernu atiki (ticket) — d ay yettawi mennaw n yiḍaren akken ad yaweḍ ɣer yiwen n yiswi. Chatbot yettarra kan; robot n RPA yettales tisitin (clics) yettwasbedden zik. Deg tmɣawt, agent IA yemmal-as i tibadutin yettwaḥeddan am usmeẓli n tuttriwin, asufeɣ n yisefka seg yisemliyen neɣ aheggi n yidlisen, s ucraḍ ad as-tesneqseḍ izerfan, ad yesentem yiwen n umdan yal tigawt ur nettuɣal ara, d ad tesklaseḍ yal tigawt-ns.

Mayd d agent IA deg tmɣawt?

Agent IA yesdukkul kraḍ n yiferdisen: amudil n tutlayt ay yettfehmen tuttra d yettferrnen aḍar d-iteddun, tagrumma n yifecka ay yesɛa azerf ad ten-yessiwel (API, taffa n yisefka, imayl, asefrek n yisemliyen), d tlawt ay as-yeǧǧan ad iẓer agmuḍ n yal tigawt uqbel ad yegzem ɣef tin d-iteddun.

Zdat n yimayl n ccekwa, agent yezmer ad yissin amsaɣ, ad yaf-d tuttra (commande) deg ERP, ad isenqed asiweḍ, sakin ad yeheggi tiririt d ad yernu atiki — yal aḍar s yiwen n ufecku yettwasirgen s wudem iban. Tamɣawt ay iḥeddan iswi, ticraḍ n tagara (« atiki yettwarna, yettwafka i yiwen ») d wayen yezmer agent ad t-yegg weḥd-s.

Amudil d aprobabiliste (probabiliste): snat n tuttriwin yemcabin zemrent ad ḍefrent iberdan yemgaraden. D ayen-a ay t-yerran d anafaɛ ɣef tegnatin yemgaraden, d ayen-a daɣen ay yesḥettamen aḍfar-ns.

Awal « agent » yuɣal ass-a d tabzimt n uznuzu i aṭas n yifarisen. Akken ad tessneḍ mayd tella zdat-k, steqsi kraḍ n yisteqsiyen: mayd ifecka ay yezmer agent ad yessiwel, s mayd izerfan, d mayd tigawin ay yettegg war asentem n umdan? Ma tella tririt « ulac afecku », d chatbot.

Agent IA, chatbot neɣ RPA: mayd amgired?

• Chatbot: yettmeslay. Ɣas yettečč-d seg yisemliyen-nnek, yettarra sakin iḥebbes; amseqdac ay yettggen tigawt deffir-s.
• RPA (aswurmen s urobot n tibadutin): robot yettales tagrumma n tisitin d tirawin yettwasbedden zik. Yettwamman ɣef yigdilen (écrans) d tlɣiwin ur nbeddel, maca yetteṛẓ mi ara ibeddel yiwen n ugdil neɣ mi ara d-yas usemli s talɣa ur nettwarǧa.
• Agent IA: yessefham inekcamen yemgaraden — imaylen yettwarun s tlelli, PDF yettwasekenen (scan), isemliyen s tefṛansist neɣ s taɛrabt — d yettferrnen tigawin-ns ɣef tegnit. Yelwa ugar n RPA, maca ur yettwassen ara s tifses amek ara yeddu.

Tarrayin-a zemrent ad mlilent: agent yeqqar d yesmeẓli asemli ur nettwassuddes ara, sakin asekcem aklasiki (intégration: API neɣ RPA), iẓeṛṛan d yettwaɛraḍen, yesklas-it deg unagraw. Ma tella tuttra kan d tiririt ɣef yisteqsiyen seg yisemliyen igensanen, amɛiwen n unadi deg yisemliyen yeqda: ẓer TI tasnulfant deg tmɣawin B2B n Murakuc.

Mayd tibadutin ara tesswurmeḍ s agents IA?

Tibadutin yemmalen sdukkulent tasmekta yettuɣalen, inekcamen yemgaraden aṭas i yilugan ur nbeddel, d ugmuḍ yeshel usenqed-ns.

• Asmeẓli d usenɣel n tuttriwin: agent yeqqar imaylen, imasalen neɣ itikiyen ay d-ikecmen, yettissin tawsit n tuttra, tazzla-ns d umsaɣ, sakin yettak tuttra i tgrawt ilaqen. Tuccḍa n usenɣel tettban s zzerb d tettwaseɣta war aɣbel.
• Asufeɣ n yisefka seg yisemliyen ɣer yinagrawen-nnek: tifaktuṛin n yimezzenzen, tuttriwin n usɣa, tiselkimin (attestations), idlisen n tuzna. Agent yessufuɣ-d iferdisen yenfaɛen, isenqed amsaḍ-nsen (imḍanen imatuten, izemzen, tiseddarin) d yeheggi asekles deg ERP neɣ deg unagraw n RH (SIRH). Isemliyen ur nezri ara asenqed ttruḥun ɣer usenqed s ufus.
• Aheggi n back-office s usentem n umdan: asbedd n udlis n umsaɣ, asemḍi n tuttra d tfaktuṛt, tazwart n usmekti n uxelleṣ (relance). Agent yeheggi, amexdam isenqed d yessenker.
• Tallalt tagensant: isteqsiyen n RH, n IT neɣ n tɣara. Agent yettarra s usenned ɣef yisura n usekker, yessenmal iɣbula-ns d yeldi atiki mi ur tella tririt deg-sen.

Ayen yemsasan gar kkuẓ n tegnatin-a: agent yeheggi neɣ yettenɣel, d ugmuḍ yettwasenqad s tifses uqbel ad yegg kra. Seg dinna ay ilaq ad tebduḍ.

Mayd ilugan n ugdal ara tesbeddeḍ i agent IA?

Agent ay yettggen tigawin deg yinagrawen-nnek yezmer ad yecceḍ deg-sen: ilugan n ugdal ttwagzamen uqbel aɛraḍ amezwaru, maci deffir tuccḍa tamezwarut.

• Izerfan imeẓẓyanen: yal afecku yettak anekcum ɣer wayen yessefken kan. Agent n usmeẓli yeqqar d yettak itikiyen, war azerf n tukksa, s umiḍan n tanfa (compte de service) yettwaxḍen i netta, maci s yisemawen n unekcum n yiwen n umexdam.
• Asentem n umdan i tigawin ur nettuɣal ara: axelleṣ, izen yettwaznen i umsaɣ neɣ i umezzenz, tukksa, abeddel n ukuntra. Agent yeheggi, amdan isentem.
• Agbur d isefka, maci d iludayen: imayl neɣ PDF yeqqar agent yezmer ad yeṭṭef inaḍen yettwaffren (« ttu inaḍen-nnek d azen asemli-a »). D ayen-a ay qqaren injection de prompt. Izerfan imeẓẓyanen sneqsen amdeg-ns; ugar n kullu, ur ǧǧa ara yiwen n agent ad yeqqar agbur n berra ur nettwamman ara d ad yezmer ad yazen isefka ɣer berra war asentem.
• Asekles d ubrid n usenqed (piste d'audit): yal asekker yeḥrez tuttra, ifecka yettwassiwlen, isefka yettwaẓran, agmuḍ d yisem n win yesentmen. War abrid-a, tuccḍa teqqim war asefhem. Iɣmisen-a s yiman-nsen llan deg-sen isefka udmawen: sbedd akud n uḥraz-nsen d wi zemren ad ten-iẓer.
• Tagrumma n usenqed (jeu d'évaluation): tagrumma n tegnatin n tidet yettwasenqen yismawen-nsent, s ugmuḍ yettwarǧan, ara tɛawdeḍ yal tikkelt ara tbeddleḍ amudil, anaḍ neɣ afecku. D aɛraḍ-nnek n non-régression: ad tessenqdeḍ ur yerẓi kra n wayen yeddan.
• Aḍfar n tṣeṛfiwin: agent yessiwil amudil mennaw n tikkal i yal tawuri, d API n LLM, s umata, ttxellaṣen s useqdec. Ktel tasqqiṛt n yal asekker, sbedd tilisa d ḥedd amḍan n yiḍaren deg yal asekker.
• Agdal n yisefka: isefka udmawen n yimsaɣen, n yimexdamen neɣ n yimettaren ddaw n loi 09-08 (asaḍuf n Murakuc ɣef ugdal n yisefka udmawen), s usenqed n CNDP (Tamesmunt Tanamurt n Usenqed n Ugdal n Yisefka Udmawen). Ḥedd ayen yettazen agent i umudil, senqed mani ay ttwaḥeṛzen umudil d yiɣmisen — tanfa yettwaḥeṛzen berra n Murakuc d asiweḍ n yisefka ɣer berra, yettwasbedden s usaḍuf — d aru-d isekkiren.

Ma yella umsenfar (prestataire) ay ibennun neɣ ay yeḥeṛṛzen agent, ẓer mayd yessbeyyan s tidet yiselɣun ISO 27001.

Amek ara tesbeddeḍ asenfar n agent IA, aḍar s uḍar

1. Fren tabadut yettwaḥeddan: yiwen n unekcum, agmuḍ yettwarǧan iban, drus n yifecka. « Asmeẓli n tuttriwin ay d-yettawḍen ɣer tansa n tanfa n yimsaɣen » ugar n « aswurmen n tanfa n yimsaɣen ». Aru-tt am udlis n tewtilin (cahier des charges) ameẓyan: inekcamen, iffuɣen, tisuraf (exceptions), wi ay yesentamen.
2. Ktel tagnit n tazwara: tasmekta, akud n usekker, akud n tririt, amḍan n tuccḍiwin neɣ n tuɣalin ɣer uxeddim. War tasebdadt, ur yettban bdan umɣur.
3. Sbedd tagrumma n usenqed seg tegnatin n tidet, s tsuraf-nsent.
4. Bdu apilot s tarrayt n usumer: agent yessumer, tagrawt tsentem kullu. Yettwaḍfar umur n yisumar yettwaqblen war aseɣti.
5. Ldi tilelli s ttawil: ala tigawin ay yettuɣalen, yettwaɛraḍen mliḥ, ay iteddun s wudem awurman; tiyaḍ qqiment s usentem n umdan.
6. Simɣur neɣ ḥbes: imsekta-nni n tazwara, s tasqqiṛt n yal asekker; ma ulac amɣur, sseggem neɣ ḥbes.

Ssekcem seg tazwara tagrawt ay yettggen tawuri-a ass-a: tessen tisuraf d ad tesentem isumar n agent. I tmuɣli tamatut, ẓer abeddel adigan n tmɣawin timeẓyanin d tilemmasin deg Murakuc.

Mayd ur ilaq ara ad t-tefkeḍ i agent IA?

• Tigzimin ay icudden tamɣawt war taɣuri n umdan: azmul n ukuntra, tikci n uṛḍil (crédit), tamezzla n tɣimit (sanction disciplinaire), agi n tuzna n uxeddim.
• Tibadutin war ilugan yettwarun, ay yettsekkar yal yiwen s wudem-ns: agent ad yales amsakul-nni. Sfehm tarrayt di tazwara.
• Tiwuriwin ur nettuɣal ara aṭas: akud n ubennu d usenqed n agent ur d-yettuɣal ara s ufaydi.
• Tigawin ay ur nettban tuccḍa-nsent neɣ ur tettwaseɣta ara, am usiweḍ n yidrimen (virement) yettwaznen.
• Ayen yettggen yakan ulugen afessas s wudem yettwamman: ulac anfaɛ ad tbeddleḍ asiḍen iẓeṛṛan (déterministe) s umudil aprobabiliste.

Codevista Innovations, deg Dar Lbiḍa, tesɛa iselɣun ISO/IEC 27001:2022, tessekcam TI tasnulfant, LLM d agents IA ɣer tbadutin n umussu yellan, s yiswi yettwabedren: war ma tḥuza taɣellist n yisefka-nnek. Akken ad tferneḍ tabadut tamezwarut d ad tesbeddeḍ apilot yettwaktalen, nermes-aɣ.

Isteqsiyen yettuɣalen

Mayd amgired gar agent IA d chatbot?

Chatbot yettarra ɣef yisteqsiyen: yessufuɣ-d aḍris, d amseqdac ay yettggen tigawt deffir-s. Agent IA yettawi iswi d yesɛa ifecka yettwasirgen, am API n ERP, imayl neɣ afecku n yitikiyen; yettawi mennaw n tigawin d isenqed agmuḍ n yal yiwet. Tazmert-a n tigawt tesḥettam ilugan n ugdal iqquḥen ugar: izerfan yettwaḥeddan, asentem n umdan i tigawin ur nettuɣal ara d usekles ummid.

Is yezmer agent IA ad yeṭṭef amkan n urobot n RPA yellan?

Maci dima. RPA teqqim tettwassen ugar, d s waṭas n tikkal tasqqiṛt-ns deg usekker tedrus ugar, ɣef yigdilen d tlɣiwin ur nbeddel. Agent IA yenfeɛ deg tazwara, akken ad yeqqar inekcamen yemgaraden am yimaylen yettwarun s tlelli neɣ isemliyen yettwasekenen, sakin ad yazen isefka yettwassudsen i RPA neɣ i API. Beddel robot ala ma yella yetteṛẓ aṭas s sebba n umgired n yinekcamen.

Is yezmer agent IA ad yessekker isefka udmawen deg Murakuc?

Ih, deg tlisa n loi 09-08 ɣef ugdal n yimdanen udmawen deg usekker n yisefka udmawen. S tidet: ḥedd isefka yettwaznen i umudil ɣer wayen yessefken kan, ssen mani ay ttwaḥeṛzen umudil d yiɣmisen (aḥraz berra n Murakuc d asiweḍ ɣer berra, yettwasbedden s usaḍuf), sbedd ikuntraten d yimsenfaren, sekles isekkiren d sedu tigawin ilaqen ɣer CNDP. Ma ur tettḥeqqeḍ ara, steqsi CNDP neɣ amsalel-nnek n usaḍuf uqbel apilot.

Amek ara tessneḍ ma yella agent IA d anafaɛ i yiwet n tbadut?

Serwes uqbel d deffir: tasmekta yettwasekkren, akud n usekker, akud n tririt, amḍan n tuccḍiwin neɣ n tuɣalin ɣer uxeddim. Rnu tasqqiṛt n agent (asiwel n umudil, tasebdadt, aḍfar) d wakud ay tesṣeṛṛef tgrawt deg usentem n yisumar-ns. Agent yettawi-d afaydi mi ara yili wakud yettwaḥeṛzen yugar s waṭas ayen-a akk, s tɣara tegda neɣ tif-itt.